ABSTRACT
The primary action of diuretics is to increase urinary sodium and water loss; hence, they are widely used in the treatment of edematous states. They are also indicated for the management of several nonedematous conditions, primarily hypertension, acute or chronic renal failure, calcium nephrolithiasis, and electrolyte disorders, including hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and acute hypercalcemia. Most outcome trials have used thiazide-type diuretics as the basis of antihypertensive therapy.
