ABSTRACT

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Ultraprobe and High Frequency Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 Development of a Multiple-Frequency Ultrasonic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Hurdles to Overcome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 User Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

INTRODUCTION

Multiple-frequency ultrasonics systems incorporate the use of more than one operational frequency in the same cleaning bath. They provide the cleaning characteristics of more than one frequency, allowing a significantly broader range of particle sizes and contaminant types to be addressed than single-frequency ultrasonic systems. Thus, multiplefrequency ultrasonics systems represent a significant development in the field of ultrasonic cleaning technology.