ABSTRACT

Corrosivity, or Reactivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 1.7.5 Mixture Rule Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1.7.6 Derived-from Rule Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1.7.7 Delisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

1.8 The Contained-in Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1.9 Regulatory Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1.9.1 The Hazardous Waste Identi cation Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 1.9.2 Final Hazardous Waste Listing Determinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 1.9.3 Proposed Revision to Wastewater Treatment Exemption for

Hazardous Waste Mixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

The improper management of hazardous waste poses a serious threat to both the health of people and the environment. When the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) began developing the hazardous waste management regulations in the late 1970s, the Agency estimated that only 10% of all hazardous waste was managed in an environmentally sound manner.