ABSTRACT
Modern society’s reliance on electrical power is so great that it is considered a basic need. It is usually supplied by the electrical grid; however, in some places that have no access to the electric grid, such as outer space, remote rural areas, or developing nations, power supplies are problematic and solar offers a least-cost power option. Photovoltaics provide practical solutions to many power supply problems in both space and remote terrestrial applications. In addition to larger power applications, portable electronic devices may charge their batteries using solar cells or get their power directly from solar cells.
