ABSTRACT
The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of nodes organized into a cooperative network, typically operating in an unattended environment. The nodes in a WSN are also capable of performing other functions such as data processing and routing. The Gossiping protocol avoids the problem of implosion, but can cause very large end–to–end delays in data delivery, especially with large networks. The approaches operating at the data link layer typically exploit low-power medium access control protocols aimed at reducing the main causes of energy wastage, that is, collisions, overhearing, idle listening, and the protocol overhead due to the exchange of a high number of control packets. The role of topology management protocols is to select which nodes can turn off their radios without compromising the network capacity. The aim of the family of adaptive negotiation–based protocols for WSNs called sensor protocols for information via negotiation is to efficiently disseminate information among sensors in an energy–constrained environment.
