ABSTRACT

Many real-world applications suggest the use of representations that are hybrids of the canonical representations. One common instance is the simultaneous use of discrete and continuous object variables, with a general formulation of the global optimization problem as follows (Ba¨ck and Schu¨tz 1995):

min{f (x,d)|x ∈ M,Rn ⊇ M,d ∈ N,Znd ⊇ N}.