ABSTRACT
But it is in these very elements where many problems develop and become impossible to solve or reduce as the project progresses. The result is more money is spent than is necessary, more time is consumed than is needed, and there is a constant recycling of options and alternatives that have been eliminated at an earlier stage. Project ignorance, lack of skill, poor cooperation, and refusal/reluctance to participate properly are commonplace. Biases, prejudices, and personal interests are also part of the equation. All of these elements are compounded by industry-wide lack of up-to-date project training.
