ABSTRACT
TheunderheadbearingareaforfootballheadandD-headboltsmaybesomewhatmoredifficult toevaluate.Ifanutisused,thebearingareaforthenutfacemustalsobecalculated.Work hardeningoftheclampedmaterialduringtighteningandconstraintbytheunloadedmaterial arounditmayincreasetheapparentyieldstrengthabovepublishedlevels.Ifoperatingconditionsleadtoanincreaseinclamploadresultingfromthermalloading,thentheright-hand sideofEq.(22)shouldbereducedbythatamount.
