ABSTRACT

FIGURE19Drawingofflangefixturedesignedtoshowhowpreloadisaffectedby assemblyprocedure,useofBellevilles,andthermalcycles.

system.WhenspringswerenotuseditisapparentthatattimestheRdimensionapproached dLr(orevenexceededit).Thisexplainstheverysmallpreloadstowardthebeginningofeach pass.Anynegativeloadsareobviouslyduetomeasurementerror.