= 0.2, = = 0 or = 1 (no acceleration), tables in Cornell et al. (1986) display a minimum

Although the survival rate with ECMO was high during both the randomization and the continuation phases of the initial clinical trial, the lack of concurrent testing with control patients led many scientists to doubt the findings. However, many physicians accepted the results and many clinical centers have established ECMO teams for the treatment of respiratory distress in newborn infants. Moreover, the findings of the initial study have been confirmed in a subsequent study at Harvard with a similar two-phase design.