ABSTRACT
Biotechnology is a scientific discipline based on the ability of scientists to transfer specific units of genetic information from one organism to another. The transfer of genes relies on the techniques of recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering. The objective of biotechnology is the use of living organisms to either solve problems or make useful products. For thousands of years, man has used microbes such as bacteria and yeast to make food products like yogurt (curd), wine, cheese and bread. Virtually, all antibodies and vitamins as well as enzymes used in m anufacturing processes come from m icroorganism s. Also, microorganisms have been extensively used in the treatment of sewage for several years. Further, vaccines are based on the use of weakened but live viruses or bacteria.
