ABSTRACT
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone (also called 4-quinolone, or quinolone carboxylic acid) that was developed by Bayer Pharmaceuticals for both oral and parenteral use. It is one of the second generation of quinolones (others include norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, and enoxacin) that have substantially enhanced antibacterial activity, compared for example with nalidixic acid (the first quinolone antibiotic). Ciprofloxacin, previously known as Bay 09867, is chemically known as 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl) 3-quinolone carboxylic acid hydrochloride (Wise et al., 1983), has the empirical formula C17H18FN3O3 and its molecular weight is 331.34. The chemical structure is shown in Figure 101.1. Chemical structure of ciprofloxacin. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315152110/08d8042d-9481-4a8d-8c27-9bd589f6de6b/content/fig101_1.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
