ABSTRACT
Cycloserine was isolated by independent investigators in the early 1950s from cultures of Streptomyces orchidaceus, S. garyphalus, and S. lavendulae (Anonymous, 1955; Atkins et al., 1965; Hong et al., 2014; Storey and McLean, 1957). Racemic cycloserine can be synthesized chemically (Concilio et al., 1958; Li et al., 2010) and produced by biosynthesis (Uda et al., 2013) but the active antibiotic, the d-stereoisomer, is usually produced from a strain of S. orchidaceus (DailyMed, 2015). It is a crystalline substance of low molecular weight (102.09 g/mol) with a chemical structure of d-4-amino-3-isoxazolidinone (Anonymous, 2008a); the chemical structure is shown in Figure 135.1. Structural formula of cycloserine. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315152110/08d8042d-9481-4a8d-8c27-9bd589f6de6b/content/fig135_1.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
