ABSTRACT
Substantial attention of the researchers has been focused on utilizing biological surfaces and polymer systems as templates for obtaining nanoparticles and composite materials. This chapter deals with obtaining nano- and microparticles in the form of monocrystals. It discusses the recovery of monocrystals from aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acids at normal conditions while using biopolymers as recovering–stabilizing agents. In modern biotechnologies, the biomineralization phenomenon is employed for extracellular and/or intracellular synthesis of nanoparticles. Thus, polysaccharides form complexes with gold and platinum ions. The typical interaction mechanism is the coordination bond with the carboxyl and carbonyl groups. The preliminary analysis of producing crystals with the help of different polysaccharides used as recovering—stabilizing agents allows us to conclude that the gold micro- and nanocrystals of higher concentration and without amorphous particle admixtures are formed in solutions of the polysaccharides of chlorella. Structure of bioconjugates, for example, gold nanoparticles with nucleotides are investigated using the localized surface plasmon resonance effect.
