ABSTRACT
Technological advancements in the electronics, computing, and manufacturing industries have led to an ever-increasing demand for efficient heat removal. Miniaturization and increasing power densities have resulted in a need for new, novel cooling methods that are more efficient and are able to cope with higher heat fluxes. Nanofluids—the suspension of nanosized particles in a base liquid—show promise as a possible cooling fluid for future technological applications. Preliminary studies have shown that nanofluids possess characteristics that can enhance heat transfer and may pave the way for providing newer, more efficient means of heat removal. Another area of research where nanofluids are of interest is in the field of dispersion science. There are various chemical and physical techniques used to produce nanoparticles, and nanofluids themselves have been produced by two main techniques: the two-step and one-step techniques.
