Design and construction of a mined station in weak rock on the Kadikoy-Kartal metro line of Istanbul

The stations are built with the cut & cover technique, while platforms, connection tunnels and switch tunnels are constructed with conventional tunnelling techniques (by AVMG); the running tunnels are excavated with TBM (approximately 13 km by two different contractors: AVMG and Anadoluray) and with conventional method (approximately 13 km by AVMG). GEODATA is in charge of the design of all

conventional tunnelling works byAVMG (access shaft, running tunnels, platform tunnels, switch tunnels and connections).