Steady state seepage flow through zoned earth structures affected by permeability defects

Lafleur (2007), both made of cohesionless broadly graded moraines. These materials are internally unstable or suffosive; some sinkholes occurred in 1983 and 1989; turbid water and increased leakages were observed in the Suorva dam; strongly changes of the pore pressure dissipation, mainly concentrated near the downstream face of the cores, occurred in dams of the James bay project.