ABSTRACT
The non-linear nature of soil and effects like liquefaction and cyclic mobility require also non-linear constitutive relations. Advanced constitutive relations for soil under earthquake-like excitation have to be validated by laboratory tests. These laboratory tests can be performed as element like tests (e.g. cyclic triaxial tests, resonant-column tests), with 1g shake-box tests, or centrifuge tests at higher g-levels.
