ABSTRACT
Bernoullis had lived, was the scene of another cruel slaughter of Huguenots . As many as 8,000 supposed heretics were killed in Antwerp by the troops of the Spanish Duke of Alba on the fi rst day alone, and that included men, women, and even children! After three days, there were no more Huguenots anywhere in Antwerp-they were either dead, or they had escaped with only the clothes they were wearing because of what came to be called the “Spanish Fury .” Some had drowned in the river Scheldt after jumping in a fi nal act of desperation. e part of the Netherlands that was under Spanish rule had become a death trap for Protestants, but by now the Bernoullis and their fellow Protestant refugees from Antwerp were thriving in the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt , far from the violence in their native city.
