ABSTRACT
Metals, typically titanium (Ti) and its alloys, are reliable for use as biomaterials due to their strength, ductility, and durability in the human body. However, the tissue compatibility of such speci‹c metals (metallic biomaterials) is insuf‹cient for biomedical applications. Since the microstructure and phase of metallic materials are generally well-controlled by thermomechanical treatment in order to satisfy the mechanical properties required for biomedical applications, tissue compatibility should be improved while maintaining the microstructure and mechanical properties of these materials. Surface modi‹cation, in particular bioceramic coating, is a promising way to improve the tissue compatibility of biomaterials.
