ABSTRACT
About 30% of the population are susceptible to motion sickness (Griffin, 1990; So et al., 1999). Navigating through a virtual environment (VE) while remaining physically stationary can cause visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). Typical symptoms include nausea and eye fatigue. VIMS has been the subject of many studies for over the last forty years (e.g., Bonato et al., 2005; Bos and Bles, 2004; Ji et al., 2009; Kennedy et al., 1968, 1990; Kiryu et al., 2007; Money and Wood, 1968; Lo and So, 2001; Oman, 1982; Reason, 1978; So and Lo, 1999; So et al., 2001, 2002; Webb and Griffin, 2003; Wilson, 1996; Young and Oman, 1968; and Zwerling, 1947). In 2005, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published its International Workshop Agreement 3 on Image Safety which included a large section on the harmfulness and prevention ofVIMS (IWA3, 2005). Since then, both the ISO and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) have commissioned working groups to draft standards concerningVIMS (So and Uijke, 2010). In 1999, the concept of a cybersickness dose value (CSDV) was reported (So, 1999) and studies have shown that CSDV can explain over 67% variations in rated levels of nausea.
