ABSTRACT

Blood is a remarkable £uid. In the 1817 “New Medical Dictionary” by Robert Hooper, the writer notes that “some . . . have considered it as alive and have formed many ingenious hypotheses in support of its vitality.” The previous chapter described that the purpose of having a circulation was to transport materials to where they are needed. Blood is a complex mixture of cells, proteins, and electrolytes. Among other requirements, blood

CONTENTS

9.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 217 9.2 Properties of Fluids ........................................................................................................... 218

9.2.1 Viscosity .................................................................................................................. 219 9.2.2 Conservation of Mass ............................................................................................ 220 9.2.3 Conservation of Energy ........................................................................................ 220 9.2.4 Laminar and Turbulent Flow Patterns ............................................................... 221 9.2.5 Steady and Unsteady Flow ...................................................................................222 9.2.6 Reynolds Number ..................................................................................................222 9.2.7 Poiseuille’s Law ......................................................................................................222 9.2.8 Navier-Stokes Equations ......................................................................................223