ABSTRACT
Increasing food costs and shrinking food supplies worldwide have both the director general of the United Nations and president of the World Bank warning that using grains and other human foods to produce fuel is leading to increased malnutrition and starvation worldwide (Spillius, 2008). A total of 2.3 billion tons of grains is produced annually in the world, and about 20% of this total is used for ethanol production. Another important food product-vegetable oils, including soybean, canola, rapeseed, and palm oil-is being used for biofuel. Currently in Europe, 60% of the rapeseed oil is being used for biodiesel, producing about 1.5 billion gallons (6 billion liters; FAO, 2009).
