ABSTRACT

C. E. Gadda describes the world “without any moderation of its inextricable complexity, or rather the simultaneous presence of the most assorted elements contributing to determine each event.” On the contrary, complexity could be accepted with more awareness. Peculiar aspect of complexity in projects is that a project is what different people see, and their attitudes change in time. Using planning in a defensive way, the project is debased; the project, squeezed on the plane surface, considered as a predetermination of the future, is liberated from uncertainty. When a project is conceived in the light of planning control, when a project is divided into an initial phase of planning and a second phase of realization, the project manager is first of all considered the person responsible for its execution. The project manager enjoys high technical consideration but appears somehow subordinate, compared with the figure of the fully recognized manager.