ABSTRACT

Laser direct-write is a material processing technique that allows for mesoscopic-scale patterning with a wide variety of materials. Additionally, precise knowledge of the forces active in the laser direct-write process are critical for ensuring the transfer and viability of fragile organic molecules and cells. Because of the vulnerability of cells and biological molecules both to stress, thermal, and optical damage, it is essential that steps are taken to ensure that delicate print materials are not harmed by laser direct-write processing. Transfer of MG 63 osteoblast-like cells was conducted using a MAPLE DW technique, demonstrating near 100% posttransfer viability, as well as no morphological alterations to the cells when compared to control cell growth in culture conditions. Fine placement of cells onto the matrix will be critical for the assembly of functional tissue; as seen earlier, laser direct-write technology presents itself as a method of accurate placement of cells and biomolecules in both 2D and 3D arrangements.