ABSTRACT
Traditionally, process design is dened to include process creation, synthesis, analysis, integration, and optimization activities which are carried out in a stepwise manner to arrive at an optimized solution to an engineering or societal problem that has at least satisfactory performance. In the early stages of the search for a solution and also in later steps of rening the designs, different methods are used, for example, scenario-based creation of alternatives, heuristics to screen out infeasible options, systematic mathematical formulation of all possibilities, or analysis and optimization of the superstructure generated to nd the most promising set of alternatives. In particular, heuristics-based approaches, such as the onion method described by Smith [1] and the hierarchical process-owsheet synthesis, development, evaluation, and selection method discussed by Peters et al. [2], can
CONTENTS
3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 59 3.2 Technoeconomic Assessment ............................................................................................. 61
3.2.1 Overview of Technoeconomic Analysis ............................................................... 61 3.2.2 Technoeconomics of Bioreneries .........................................................................65
