ABSTRACT
This chapter summarizes energy efficient design at different layers and discusses cross-layer design and optimization in energy static and dynamic networks. It presents energy efficient hardware platforms, energy efficient medium access control, energy efficient networking and energy efficient applications. Wireless sensor networks is one of the most important type of wireless networks. Motivated by the insufficiency of link-layer designs, researchers have proposed cross-layer design and optimization in energy static and dynamic low-duty-cycle wireless networks. The static low-duty-cycle wireless network supports mission-driven applications such as military surveillance with a specified network lifetime requirement and a fixed energy budget. The chapter discusses cross-layer designs for low-duty-cycle wireless networks with variable energy supply from the environment. Wireless networks with intermittent receivers have caught unproportionately little attention, despite the known fact that communication energy is consumed mostly for being ready for potential incoming packets, a problem commonly referred to as idle listening.
