ABSTRACT
Nevertheless, both basins to varying degrees maintain cooperative management between the governments and the stakeholders. In the Great Lakes region, interjurisdictional cooperation and co-management exists between government and the U.S. tribes. Interjurisdictional cooperation also exists among the non-federal agencies through the Joint Strategic Plan, and each of the non-federal jurisdictions incorporates bottom-up collaborative processes into their management decisions through the use of advisory counciltype arrangements. On Lake Victoria, the three partner states have established a formal co-management process administered by the Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization. Local-level participation is incorporated into policy through the legally recognized Beach Management Units, which refl ect decentralization of authority and co-management. Indeed, in Lake Victoria, local governance arrangements serve as the foundation of infl uencing fi shers behavior and to instill a sense of ownership in the resource.
