ABSTRACT
Rectal prolapse is a relatively common problem in young children, with a peak incidence of 1-3 years. In this age group, most cases are idiopathic and frequently self-limiting. A decision to operate is based on the frequency of recurrent prolapse (>2 episodes requiring manual reduction) along with symptoms of pain, rectal bleeding, and perianal
excoriation because of recurrent prolapse. Prolapse is also associated with tenesmus and excessive straining at stool associated with diarrhea, constipation, parasitic worms, and rectal polyps. Children with neuromuscular problems, such as meningomyelocele or exstrophy of the bladder, often have rectal prolapse. There is an increased incidence of rectal prolapse in children with cystic fibrosis associated with tenacious stool, chronic cough, and loss of perirectal fat.
