ABSTRACT
Successful renal transplantation in human identical twins was first achieved by Joseph Murray and his colleagues at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston a half century ago. This accomplishment was recognized by the award of a Nobel Prize to Murray in 1990, by which time living-related and deceased donor renal transplantations in infants and children were routinely performed as the optimum therapy for endstage renal disease. While advances in immunosuppression have benefited all patients, young pediatric recipients now have the highest success rate of any age subgroup undergoing renal transplantation.
