ABSTRACT
SIGNS WITH THE PATIENT UPRIGHT Start by standing face to face with the patient and note his or her general build and the symmetry of the lower limbs. First impressions are important and can be put to the test as the examination proceeds. The patient in Figure 19.1, for example, seems to have unusually short lower limbs in comparison to his trunk length. Is it a mild type of bone dysplasia, or are the hips dislocated?
