ABSTRACT
Introduction 847 Tumor-related complications 848 Complications related to space-occupying lesions 848 Metabolic complications 853 Gastrointestinal complications 857 Complications associated with massive mediastinal disease 858 Hematologic complications 858 Treatment-related complications 858 Fever and neutropenia 858 Anemia and thrombocytopenia 860
Typhlitis/neutropenic enterocolitis 861 Neurological complications following chemotherapy 862 Metabolic complications 862 Cardiac complications 863 Nausea and vomiting 863 Mucositis 864 Central line-related complications 864 Key Points 866 References 866
With the continuing rise in the incidence of cancer (including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma) and the current trend of treating malignancies more aggressively, an increasing number of patients are at risk for complications arising from either the disease itself or unwanted side effects of treatment. Many of these complications present as oncologic emergencies, and carry with them considerable morbidity and mortality. Thus, the successful management of the lymphoid neoplasms, as for all other cancers, not only involves the administration of specific therapy, but the treatment of these complications, which may arise either acutely, i.e., before or during therapy, or later, i.e., months or years after the completion of treatment.
