ABSTRACT

The keystones of early head injury management are avoidance of hypoxia, hypercarbia, hypotension and hypovolemia (Meixensberger and Roosen, 1998). However, to achieve this, concomitant attention to other injuries is necessary, as head injury uncommonly occurs alone. Thus management of head injury is essentially part of a general or holistic plan for the care of the patient (Adams Cowley, 1984).