ABSTRACT
Surface irrigation is the most widely used method of irrigation water application to croplands worldwide. Rising concerns about the negative environmental impacts of irrigation, changing climatic patterns that have resulted in unusually long dry spells, as well as increasing demands for land and water resources from urban and industrial interests are putting pressure on the share of freshwater supply and land resources available for irrigation. Obviously, if agricultural irrigation is to remain sustainable, it needs to evolve into a more efficient, cost-effective, and ecofriendly technology.
