ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a survey of the ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) technology and its application for radio frequency identification and real-time locating systems. A promising wireless technique for future identification and localization systems is the UWB technology characterized, in its impulse radio UWB (IR-UWB) implementation, by the transmission of subnanosecond duration pulses. IR-UWB transmitter can be very simple and it is characterized by an extremely low duty cycle transmitted signal. The UWB technology has been around since 1960, when it was mainly used for radar and military applications. Regarding Europe, it is important to mention that on February 21, 2007, the Commission of the European Communities released a decision on allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using UWB technology in a harmonized manner in the community. UWB transmission systems can be realized through conventional modulation schemes by stretching the bandwidth to be larger than 500 MHz by adopting orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signaling.
