ABSTRACT
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common developmental disorder of childhood. It affects approximately 3-9% of schoolchildren and is one of the more common reasons for pediatric neurology referral. Among the clinical specialists involved in the assessment and treatment of ADHD, the pediatric neurologist is best trained to approach the evaluation based on his=her knowledge of the neurological basis of the disorder. The focus of this chapter will be to provide a review of ADHD in which the diagnosis and treatment will be discussed in light of the current understanding of the neuropathophysiology of ADHD.
