ABSTRACT
Titanium and its alloys are the most suitable materials for structural biomaterials among metallic biomaterials. Nowadays, Pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V ELI are the most widely used in the biomedical fields. However, for replacing failed hard tissue, the strength of pure Ti is not sufficient. For Ti-6Al-4V ELI, V has been pointed out to be toxic [1]. Therefore, V-free titanium alloys such as Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-5Al-2.5Fe, etc., have been developed for biomedical applications [2,3]. These alloys are certainly applicable for replacing failed hard tissue.
