ABSTRACT
E.1. The following specific interpretation is recommended for R&D to develop analytical instrumentation.
E.2. Introduction
Instrumental R&D involves the improvement of existing analytical systems or development of entirely new systems. The basis for the R&D usually arises from the need for novel systems that are faster, more sensitive, more accurate, more precise, more discriminating, simpler (and easier to use), more economic, more environmentally friendly, or applicable to different particular analyte(s)=sample matrix combinations. Occasionally, it may be carried out on a purely speculative basis, i.e., with no particular end application in mind, for example, to investigate the practical potential of a particular measurement principle.
