ABSTRACT
Recognised as the second-most prevalent crime worldwide aer drug tracking (Linacre, 2008), wildlife crime encompasses a range of criminal activity such as poaching (Caniglia et al., 2009), animal cruelty (Merck, 2007), the use of derivatives in traditional medicines (Alves et al., 2010; Peppin et al., 2008) and tracking of animals (Oldeld, 2003) (see also Chapter 2). Not only is tracking an issue due to the reduction of endangered populations but the translocation of new species to an environment can have devastating eects on the ecosystem by introducing infectious pathogens (Crowl et al., 2008; Pedersen et al., 2007; Smith et al., 2009) and non-native species (Jenkins and Mooney, 2006; Manchester and Bullock, 2000) which may be able to out-compete native species (Smith et al., 2009a) (see also Chapter 2).
