ABSTRACT
Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSC)—are one of the most important instruments of modern regenerative medicine. Though MSC have been known since 1960-1970s (Becker et al. 1963, Siminovitch et al. 1963, Friedenstein et al. 1974, 1976, Pittenger et al. 1999), practical interest in them was only seen at the beginning of the XXI century. However there was dispute over nomenclature and the standardization criteria of belonging to this group of cells. MSC are interesting both for fundamental researchers and practitioners. Each year, new sources of MSC are announced, methods
1Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine 67 Vyahhorodska str. Kyiv, 04114 Ukraine. Email: rotiferko@gmail.com 2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska str., Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: oderyabina@gmail.com 3Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kyiv, 03680 Ukraine. Email: v.kordium@gmail.com *Corresponding author
of obtaining and culturing of MSC are being improved. But, there is still no clear answer for the question: where these cells are located in the body, how can MSC be distinguished from the surrounding cell, what are the fundamental differences between MSC isolated from various tissues, how modifi ed are MSC after the culturing process, and whether they can be considered absolutely identical to multipotent cells that were not isolated from tissues? With the increasing understanding of MSC, the number of questions expand, the answers for which will clarify a lot of “blank spots” in developmental biology and will bring medicine to effective and safe use of these cells in the treatment of severe pathologies.
