ABSTRACT
Nearly one in four deaths in the United States and Europe are due to cancer (American Cancer Society, 2009; Jemal et al., 2011). Despite the continued high death rate due to cancer, great advances made in the treatment of cancer
CONTENTS
9.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 269 9.1.1 Cancer, Society, and Role of Imaging ......................................... 269 9.1.2 Biology of Tumors .......................................................................... 270
9.2 MR 1H Relaxometry Characteristics of Tumors .................................... 271 9.3 Novel 1H Contrast Mechanisms for Imaging Tumors .......................... 274
9.3.1 Diffusion ......................................................................................... 274 9.3.2 Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI .............................................. 286 9.3.3 Other Vascular Applications ........................................................ 298
9.4 Non-1H Contrast Mechanisms for Imaging Tumors .............................300 9.4.1 31P Spectroscopy, 23Na Imaging, 13C and Dynamic
Nuclear Polarization ......................................................................300 9.5 Morphometric Analysis ............................................................................302
