Anatomy

A knowledge of intra-abdominal anatomy is essential to understand and treat intestinal diseases. [1] This chapter briefly summarizes anatomical features and principles that are important to the colorectal surgeon. Discussions of greater depth are available in comprehensive anatomy and colon and rectal surgery texts. [2-7] Although study and experience will increase the surgeon’s knowledge of expected anatomical findings, it must be remembered that variability is the rule in human anatomy. The abdominal cavity contains many structures (Figure 1). The abdominal portion of the intestinal tract starts with the esophagus, which connects to the stomach. Structures of major importance to the colorectal surgeon include the small bowel, colon, rectum, and anus.