ABSTRACT
Renal toxicity is one of the most common kidney problems, which occurs when the human body is exposed to one or more powerful anticancer drugs, exogenous toxins, or other drugs that cause a variety of functional injuries to the kidneys. Once injury occurs, the kidneys are unable to adequately fi lter toxins and waste products from the blood. Drug-induced renal injury is a major side effect in clinical practice, frequently leading to renal toxicity. Since the kidney excretes many powerful drugs, it is routinely exposed to high concentrations of the drugs and their metabolites. Moreover, the kidney has several features that allow renal toxins to accumulate inside (1, 2).
