ABSTRACT
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4.1 INTRODUCTION
Many organic reactions of synthetic importance are very slow and it is quite important to enhance their reaction rate. The rate of the reactions can be enhanced by using a catalyst. This catalyst may be toxic in nature and it is important to find out some alternate catalyst, which is harmless or less toxic. Just to avoid environmental pollution, such a job can also be done by any enzyme. These enzymes are called biocatalyst or in general, green catalyst. Enzymes are used in chemical industries, when extremely specific catalysts are required. However, use of enzymes is limited because of their stability in organic solvents and higher temperatures. Searching or creating new enzymes with novel properties, either through rational designing or in vitro evolution (Hult and Berglund, 2003; Renugopalakrishnan et al., 2005) is a challenging task for chemists. A few enzymes have now been designed from scratch to catalyzed reactions that do not occur in nature (Jiang et al., 2008).
