ABSTRACT
Thermal oxidizers (TOX) are used to destroy objectionable hydrocarbons contained in waste streams from manufacturing plants. The wastes may be solids, liquids, or vapors. They are usually generated continuously-otherwise landfill may be economically preferred for solids and liquids, while emergency flares might be preferred for destruction of many waste gases. Thermal oxidizers are designed to use heat energy to convert hydrocarbon contaminants to carbon dioxide and water vapor, and contaminant metals to their oxide form, under controlled conditions.
