Microbiological and molecular investigation in the Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo, Italy: Microbial deterioration risk and contamination of the indoor air

ABSTRACT: The Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo contain over 1800 preserved bodies, spanning the 16th-20th centuries AD, many of which show serious evidence of biodeterioration. In order to protect these remains, an extensive microbiological and molecular investigation was recently performed. Samples were taken from skin, muscle, bone, hair, clothes and stuffing materials, as well as from the surrounding wall materials, many displaying rosy discoloration. In addition, air samples were taken to investigate the impact of this microbial contamination on the indoor air quality.