ABSTRACT
Liquid crystals (LC) are an important class of materials with applications ranging from display devices, television screens, optoelectronic devices, sensors, and biological and structural materials. This chapter focuses on LCs for display applications. Most of the LC materials are organic compounds which consist of rod-shaped or disk-shaped molecules. For display applications, LC materials with rod-shaped molecules are the most commonly used. There are several types of LCDs utilizing different LC materials and LCD modes which are discussed in the next section. However, the general display assembly processes and materials are very similar for all these LCD modes. The display row and column IC drivers are attached to the row and column bond pads of the display either by tape-automated bonding using an ACA (anisotropic conductive adhesive), or chip on glass approaches.
