ABSTRACT
While problems with the cornea can cause permanent visual loss, and a leukocoria can indicate the possible presence of a cataract or retinoblastoma, which can be visually devastating or even life threatening, the conjunctiva often causes relatively little concern. However, the conjunctiva is one of the most important structures that helps to maintain the health and wellbeing of the eye. Without this extremely thin covering of the anterior portion of the globe, the eye would be exposed to an extremely harsh environment. Although most cases of routine conjunctivitis will resolve spontaneously over 10-14 days, with or without treatment, the physician should be alert to the case which can potentially cause serious and permanent vision problems. These serious conditions, although rare, that are thought of as ‘only pink eye’ can cause a lifetime of vision problems in the patient. This chapter will look at the anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of the conjunctiva and conjunctival disorders to help the primary care provider in maintaining the health of the child’s eye.
