ABSTRACT

The performance of an eye examination in an infant or young child requires flexibility in approach and a willingness to modify the sequence of the examination according to the age and cooperative ability of the child. Nevertheless, there are essential aspects of the examination such as the testing for a ‘red reflex’ during the neonatal period. The pediatrician must determine what information is critical to achieve an accurate diagnosis in the individual

determine treatment or referral options. Early detection and prompt treatment of ocular disorders in children are critical since infants are susceptible to the development of deprivation amblyopia in cases of unilateral visual axis obstruction, and nystagmus as a result of bilateral visual deprivation.