ABSTRACT
Glaucoma diagnosis and treatment constitutes one of the challenges of the twenty-first century. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1], the number of people suffering from vision loss due to glaucoma is rising as a result of increased life expectancy and population growth. It is also one of the top three causes of visual impairment and blindness. The WHO estimates that 80 million people are currently affected by glaucoma
CONTENTS
11.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 179 11.2 Computer-Aided Image Analysis in CDR Calculation Research ............................... 181
11.2.1 Imaging Techniques and Image Databases ....................................................... 181 11.2.2 Anatomical Structure Detection for Glaucoma Diagnosis:
Optic Disc and Cup ............................................................................................... 181 11.2.3 OD Detection Methods ......................................................................................... 182 11.2.4 CDR Estimation Methods ..................................................................................... 184
11.2.4.1 OD Segmentation .................................................................................... 184 11.2.4.2 Cup Segmentation ................................................................................... 186
11.3 Research Application of CDR Estimation ...................................................................... 187 11.3.1 OD Segmentation ................................................................................................... 187
11.3.1.1 OD Localization ...................................................................................... 187 11.3.1.2 Vessel Detection and Removal .............................................................. 189
11.3.2 Active Contour Procedure .................................................................................... 190 11.4 Cup Segmentation.............................................................................................................. 192
11.4.1 Perceptually Adapted K-Means Algorithm ....................................................... 192 11.4.2 Cup Boundary Smoothing .................................................................................... 193 11.4.3 CDR Estimation ...................................................................................................... 193
11.5 Results ................................................................................................................................. 194 11.5.1 Data Set .................................................................................................................... 194 11.5.2 Evaluation Measures ............................................................................................. 194 11.5.3 Results ..................................................................................................................... 195
11.6 Conclusion and Discussion .............................................................................................. 196 References ..................................................................................................................................... 197
and approximately six million are blind due to the disease, accounting for over 12.3% of all blindness cases [1].
